A Nigerian doctor returning from the United Kingdom has died from Lassa fever, as confirmed by the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (NCDC).
The agency has also reported a surge in cases, with 535 confirmed infections and 98 deaths recorded across 14 states as of March 2, 2025.
The NCDC, in a public advisory issued on Sunday, revealed that the deceased physician, a 31-year-old man, was diagnosed with the virus after seeking treatment at a private facility in Ondo State.
“On March 5, 2025, the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control and Prevention was notified of a confirmed case of Lassa fever by the Ondo State Ministry of Health.
The patient, a 31-year-old physician, was managed at a private health facility in Ondo State after returning from a trip abroad (UK),” the statement read.
Lassa fever, an acute viral hemorrhagic illness, has continued to spread, with a fatality rate of 18.3%.
The primary carriers of the virus are multimammate rats, though human-to-human transmission can also occur, particularly in healthcare settings with poor infection control.
According to the NCDC, five states—Ondo, Bauchi, Edo, Taraba, and Ebonyi—account for 91% of the confirmed cases.
Additionally, ten local government areas, including Owo, Akure South, and Esan North-East, make up 68% of the reported infections.
“As of Epi-week 9 (February 24 to March 2, 2025), a total of 2,728 suspected cases, 535 confirmed cases, and 98 deaths have been recorded across 14 states in Nigeria,” the NCDC reported.
Meanwhile, efforts have been intensified to contain the outbreak.
The Ondo State Ministry of Health has implemented measures such as contact tracing and listing all individuals who had interactions with the deceased doctor.
The NCDC has also mobilized national response teams and is working closely with international health authorities to prevent further spread.
Lassa fever presents with symptoms similar to other febrile illnesses, including headache, nausea, vomiting, sore throat, and general body weakness.
In severe cases, it can cause bleeding from body openings, organ failure, and death.
Health experts emphasize the importance of early detection and hygiene practices to prevent infection.
The NCDC reiterated, “Early detection, diagnosis, and treatment significantly improve patient survival rates. Prompt reporting of symptoms ensures timely intervention, thereby increasing the chances of survival.”
As a precaution, individuals are advised to maintain strict hygiene, store food properly, and avoid contact with rodents.
Healthcare workers are urged to follow strict infection control guidelines to reduce the risk of hospital-based transmissions.
The ongoing outbreak highlights the urgent need for heightened awareness and preventive measures to curb the spread of the deadly virus.
